The integration of genetic and epigenetic information is essential for a comprehensive understanding of genome function and regulation. Traditional sequencing methods often fall short in capturing both genetic variants and epigenetic modifications such as 5‑methylcytosine (5mC) and 5‑hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) simultaneously. Recent advances in 6-base sequencing have enabled the simultaneous, base-resolution detection of canonical bases and key cytosine modifications in a single workflow. This review explores the biological significance of 5mC and 5hmC, discusses current methods to achieve 6-base sequencing, and highlights recent applications in academic and clinical settings.
Integrative Dual ctDNA 5mC/5hmC Methylomics and Clonal Reconstruction Infertumor Transcription and Resistance Phenotypes in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
17 April 2026
Serial plasma dual 5mC/5hmC profiling moved liquid biopsy beyond mutation detection toward transcriptome-like tumor-state and resistance monitoring in mCRPC